Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Using Coffee Seed Extract and Its Antibacterial Activity

<jats:p>The discovery of reliable and green processes for metal oxide nanoparticles synthesis is particularly crucial and exhibits huge potential in various applications. Thus, in this paper, a fast, single step and environmental-friendly method to synthesize iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3-NPs) by bio-reduction of iron salts Fe2+ and Fe3+ under the presence of coffee seeds (CS) aqueous extract was demonstrated. The characteristics of the synthesised Fe2O3-NPs were investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry techniques. The XRD result revealed that the Fe2O3-NPs produced display highly crystalline property with a cubic structure and the average size of the resulted particle is ranging from 23.2 nm to 37.5 nm. Additionally, the energy band gap (Eg) calculated also showed that maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles was successfully synthesised by using CS extract. The resulted nanoparticles are highly feasible in the inhibition of the growth of pathogenic microorganism.</jats:p>