Cheong Kin WaiKah Hon LeongBryant Wong2024-10-212024-10-212021-12-0110.1088/1755-1315/945/1/012053https://dspace-cris.utar.edu.my/handle/123456789/3755Backed by the evolution in the nanotechnology field, membrane modified with nanoparticles as an additive has become increasingly prominent nowadays. The enormous potential of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) photocatalyst in wastewater treatment has been disclosed extensively. In this study, 4 Polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different concentration of g-C₃N₄nanoparticles as additive were fabricated and their performances were investigated. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that the membrane top surface layer was getting denser with the higher g-C₃N₄nanoparticles concentration which subsequently decreased the membrane mean pore size, porosity and flux. However the membrane with higher additive concentration was demonstrated a better improvement in anti-fouling properties where the flux recovery ratio (FRR) of the membranes showed an uptrend movement from 23.43% (membrane without additive) to 64.64% (membrane with 6 wt.% of additive). The enhancement of COD and colour removal rate from 61.50 % to 66.50 % and 78.75 % to 83.75 % was also observed in this study where the finding has signified the increased g-C₃N₄ nanoparticles concentration was constructive in PES membrane modification.journal-article