Prakas PalanychamyLeong Loong KongGulnaziya Issabayeva2024-10-172024-10-172023-08-0410.1002/ceat.202300038https://dspace-cris.utar.edu.my/handle/123456789/2808<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The present invention relates to a technique for synthesizing vanadium phosphorus oxide (VPO) catalyst employing an ultrasonic treatment approach while assessing phase composition and hydrocarbon oxidation activity to a conventionally synthesized catalyst. The ultrasonic treatment approach has been shown to produce a catalyst with improved surface constitution and accelerated hydrocarbon conversion in 3 h, as opposed to the typically heating process, which takes 24 h. Product selectivity is influenced by the nature of the catalyst, with an integration consisting of (VO)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>P<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>7</jats:sub> (V<jats:sup>4+</jats:sup>) and VOPO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> (V<jats:sup>5+</jats:sup>) being optimal for high rate of conversion. A 39 % conversion rate and 89 % maleic anhydride selectivity were achieved under optimum reaction conditions.</jats:p>journal-article