Riaz Ahmed SoomroLau Poh LinAntoine Prandota Trzcinski2025-09-302025-09-302025-01-0210.1080/10934529.2025.2472116https://dspace-cris.utar.edu.my/handle/123456789/11384Diclofenac (DCF) is one of the emerging compounds in the environment. There are many sources of diclofenac, such as effluent of pharmaceutical industries, wastewater treatment plant effluent, and domestic wastewater. It requires advanced treatment because it cannot be removed from water and sludges using the conventional wastewater treatment process. Catalytic and free radical methods also known as advanced oxidation process (AOP) can degrade large and complex organic compounds into smaller ones. In this review, each AOP method is critically assessed for the removal of DCF in water.enEmerging pollutantdiclofenacsources of diclofenachealth impact of diclofenacadvance oxidation processNONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGSWASTE-WATER TREATMENTPERSONAL CARE PRODUCTSLIGHT-EMITTING-DIODESENDOCRINE DISRUPTING COMPOUNDSHYDROXYL RADICALSPHARMACEUTICAL RESIDUESCATALYTIC OZONATIONDRINKING-WATERENVIRONMENTAL RISKjournal-article